Brief Biography-Diego Rodríguez de Silva y Velázquez, whose family hailed from Portugal was born in Seville. His first instruction in art, as a boy, was with Francisco de Herrera the Elder, for a period of one year, followed by a five-year term under Francisco Pacheco. After his apprenticeship he was made Master Painter of Religious Images, which was a high honour. He married Pacheco’s daughter Juana in 1618.
When he visited Madrid, his work made such an impression on King Philip IV that he made him painter of Bed-Chamber to the King. He was bestowed with an income of 20 ducats a month, a house and an annual pension of 300 ducats. He also received several other court appointments which absorbed his time, which may be the reason why his output was relatively small.
A visit to Spain by Peter Paul Rubens took the two artists to El Escorial, where on observing the art that hung there, he was inspired to go to Italy. He visited Venice in 1629 and from there went on to Rome and Naples studying the Italian masters. He returned to Madrid in 1631. In 1633, his daughter Francisca, married his student Juan Bautista Martínez del Mazo.
In 1648, he was dispatched back to Italy by the King, as Ambassador Extraordinary to Pope Innocent X, to buy works and have casts made of Greek and Roman sculptures. He visited many cities and met José de Ribera in Naples. In Rome his portrait of Pope Innocent X gained him Membership of the Academy of Saint Luke.
He returned to Madrid in 1651, and in 1652 the King made him Head Harbinger of his Imperial Palace. He was named Knight of the Order of Santiago in 1658. Two years later he died of fever in Madrid. Velázquez was principally a portraitist, however, when he found time outside of court painting, he also painted religious and historical subjects. He is regarded as the supreme Spanish painter of all time to this day.